Distal Radius Fractures

A distal radius fracture is a break in the larger of the two forearm bones (the radius) near the wrist. It is one of the most common types of fractures and often occurs after a fall onto an outstretched hand.

The injury can range from a simple crack in the bone to a more complex fracture where the bone is displaced or involves the joint surface.

Symptoms typically include pain, swelling and difficulty moving the wrist. In some cases, the wrist may appear deformed.

Treatment depends on the type of fracture and how stable it is. Some fractures can be managed with a cast, while others may require surgery to restore alignment and function.

‍

Diagnosis is made through clinical assessment and imaging.

Investigations include:

• X-rays to confirm the fracture and assess alignment
• CT scan in more complex fractures to assess joint involvement

These tests help guide treatment decisions.

‍

Treatment depends on the severity and position of the fracture.

Non-surgical treatment may include:

• Immobilisation in a cast or splint
• Pain relief and activity modification

Surgical treatment may be recommended if the fracture is displaced or unstable. This may involve:

• Realigning the bone
• Fixation with plates, screws or pins

The aim of treatment is to restore alignment and allow the wrist to heal in the correct position.

‍

Surgical treatment involves restoring the alignment of the bone and stabilising it using metal plates, screws or pins.

The procedure is usually performed under regional or general anaesthetic.

The goal is to allow the bone to heal in the correct position and restore normal wrist function.

‍

Recovery depends on the severity of the fracture and treatment required.

Recovery typically includes:

• Immobilisation for several weeks
• Gradual return to movement and strengthening exercises
• Hand therapy in some cases

Most patients regain good function, although stiffness can persist for several months.

‍

As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks, although these are uncommon.

Possible complications include:

• Infection (around 1%), usually treated with antibiotics
• Swelling or stiffness, which may take time to settle
• Scar sensitivity
• Nerve irritation or injury (rare)
• Tendon irritation or rupture (rare)
• Loss of wrist movement or strength
• Malunion (healing in an incorrect position)
• Ongoing pain or stiffness

Very rarely, a condition known as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can occur, leading to prolonged pain and sensitivity.

‍

You should seek urgent medical attention if you injure your wrist and experience significant pain, swelling or difficulty moving it.

Early assessment is important to ensure the fracture is properly aligned and to reduce the risk of long-term stiffness or loss of function.

‍