Hand Fractures

Hand fractures refer to breaks in the bones of the fingers or hand. These injuries are common and can occur following falls, direct impact or crushing injuries.

The hand is made up of multiple small bones, and fractures can vary in severity from simple cracks to more complex injuries involving displacement or joint surfaces.

Symptoms usually develop immediately after injury and can affect movement, grip and overall hand function. Early assessment is important to ensure the bones heal in the correct position and to restore normal use of the hand.

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Diagnosis is based on clinical assessment and imaging.

This typically includes:

• Examination of the hand and finger alignment
• Assessment of movement and function
• X-rays to confirm the fracture and assess its position

These investigations help determine the best treatment approac

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Treatment depends on the type and severity of the fracture.

Non-surgical treatment may include:

• Splinting or casting to support the bone during healing
• Activity modification during recovery
• Hand therapy to restore movement and strength

If the fracture is displaced, unstable or involves the joint, surgical treatment may be required to realign and stabilise the bones.

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When surgical treatment is required, the aim is to realign and stabilise the fractured bone.

This may involve the use of:

• Pins or wires
• Screws or plates

The type of fixation depends on the fracture pattern.

Surgery is typically performed as a day-case procedure under local, regional or general anaesthetic.

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Recovery depends on the type of fracture and treatment performed.

Recovery typically involves:

• A period of immobilisation
• Gradual return to movement
• Hand therapy to restore strength and function

Most fractures heal within several weeks, although full recovery of movement may take longer.

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As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks, although these are uncommon.

Possible complications include:

• Infection (around 1%), usually treated with antibiotics
• Swelling or stiffness, which may take time to settle
• Scar sensitivity
• Nerve irritation or injury (rare)
• Ongoing pain or discomfort, which typically improves over time
• Recurrence of symptoms (uncommon)
• Residual symptoms, particularly if the condition was advanced before treatment
• Malunion (healing in an incorrect position)
• Non-union (failure of the bone to heal)
• Reduced range of movement

Very rarely, a condition known as complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can occur, leading to prolonged pain and sensitivity.

You should seek medical advice if you experience pain, swelling or difficulty moving the hand following an injury.

Urgent assessment is recommended if there is visible deformity, severe pain or loss of function.

Early treatment is important to ensure proper healing and avoid long-term problems with movement or alignment.

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