Skier’s thumb refers to an injury of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL), a key structure that stabilises the base of the thumb. This ligament is essential for pinch grip and overall hand function.
The injury typically occurs when the thumb is forcefully pulled away from the hand, such as during a fall onto an outstretched hand or while holding an object like a ski pole. It is also commonly seen in ball sports and other activities involving sudden impact to the thumb.
Depending on the severity, the ligament may be stretched, partially torn or completely ruptured. Without appropriate treatment, this can lead to long-term weakness and instability of the thumb.
Symptoms usually occur immediately after injury and may include:
In more severe cases, the thumb may feel unstable or give way during use.
Symptoms usually occur immediately after injury and may include:
In more severe cases, the thumb may feel unstable or give way during use.
Diagnosis is made through clinical assessment, including examination of thumb stability and function.
If required, further investigations may include:
These tests help determine the severity of the injury and guide treatment decisions.
Treatment depends on the severity of the ligament injury.
Non-surgical treatment may include:
If the ligament is completely torn or unstable, surgical repair may be recommended to restore thumb stability and function.
When the ligament is completely torn or unstable, surgical repair may be recommended.
The procedure involves reattaching the ligament to the bone, often using small anchors or sutures. This restores stability to the thumb and allows the ligament to heal in the correct position.
Surgery is usually performed under local or regional anaesthetic and is typically completed as a day-case procedure.
Following treatment, the thumb is usually immobilised in a splint or cast for several weeks to allow healing.
Recovery typically involves:
Most patients regain good function, although recovery time depends on the severity of the injury and type of treatment.
As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks, although these are uncommon.
Possible complications include:
Your surgeon will discuss the risks and expected outcomes before treatment.
You should seek medical advice if you experience pain, swelling or weakness in the thumb following an injury, particularly if grip or pinch strength is affected.
Early assessment is important, as untreated ligament injuries can lead to long-term instability and reduced hand function.
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